ELECTROFACTS

Resistors Bilateral, Passive, Linear Element Resistors oppose the flow of current flowing through it. Resistors obey Ohm's Law i.e. I ∝ v Resistors dissipates energy in the form of Heat S = σ + jω Complex Frequency σ = Attenuation Constant ω = Angular friquency Power Loss in resistor (P) P = V &times I = I 2 &times R = V 2 ÷ R Energy dissipated in Resistors as heat in Joules or Simply E R = I 2 &times R &times t = ( V 2 &times t ÷ R ) = ( V &times I &times t ) Change in Resistance due to change in dimension l = length of conductor A = Cross Sectional Area of the conductor ρ = Resistivity of condutor materil Change in Resistace due to change in temperature Let… R t = Resistance of material at temperature t. R 0 = Resistance of material at 0° temperature. α t = Tempera...

Electrical Circuit Elements can be  Linear or Non-Linear  Active or Passive  Unilateral or Bilateral  Time-Variant or Time-Invariant  Linear or Non-Linear  Linear Elements:  V-I characteristics follows only one equation of straight line passing through origine. Examples : Resistors, Inductors, Capacitors and Gyrator Non-Linear Elements:  Elements lacking any of the above mentioned characteristics for linear elements are Non-Linear Elements. Examples : Diodes, Transistors etc.. Active or Passive  Active Elements:  Active circuit elements have capacity of enhancing the energy level of signal passing through it. Slope of V-I characteristics of such elements is negative OR any part of V-I characteristics of such elements lies in 2nd or/and 4th Quadrant Example : Vacuum Tubes, Transistors, Power Sources... Passive Elements:  Passive elements can’t enhance the energy level of signals passing through...